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History of the Jewish Calendar


"The Jewish calendar, unlike the civil Gregorian calendar, is based both on the cycles of the moon as well as the sun - the months correspond to cycles of the moon and the years correspond to cycles of the sun.  Since a lunar month has about 29 and a half days, Jewish months always have either 29 or 30 days.  The problem is that 12 lunar months is 11 days short of the 365-day solar year.

"In the fourth century, Rabbi Hillel II instituted a mathematical system of rectifying the lunar and solar years which is still used today:  The years are divided into 19-year cycles, seven of which are leap years that have 13 months instead of 12".  On leap years the month Adar is followed by the month Adar 2. (Falcon & Blatner 2001:371)

Holiday	Jewish Month & Day	Corresponding Month & Day
Tu B’Shevat	15 Sh’vat	Monday, February 4, 1901
Purim	14 Adar	Tuesday, March 5, 1901
First night of Passover	Erev 15 Nisan	Wednesday, April, 4, 1901
Passover	15 Nisan	Thursday, April 4, 1901
Lag BaOmer	18 Iyar	Wednesday, April 24, 1901
Shavout	6 Sivan	Friday, May 24, 1901
Tisha B’Av	9 Av	Thursday, July 25, 1901
Selichot	Erev 24 Elul	Saturday, September 7, 1901
Erev Rosh Hashanah	Erev I Tishrei	Friday, September 13, 1901
Rosh Hashanah	1 Tishrei	Saturday, September 14, 1901
Erev Yom Kippur	Erev 10 Tishrei	Sunday, September 22, 1901
Yom Kippur	10 Tishrei	Monday, September 23, 1901
Erev Sukkot	Erev 15 Tishrei	Friday, September 27, 1901
Sukkot	15 Tishrei	Saturday, September 28, 1901
Simchat Torah	22 Tishrei	Saturday, October 5, 1901
First night of Chanukah	Erev 25 Kislev	Thursday, December 5, 1901
Chanukah	25 Kislev	Friday, December 6, 1901

References Cited

2001 Falcon, Rabbi Ted and Blatner, David Judaism for Dummies. Hungry Minds, Inc, NY, NY.

For details on Jewish holidays visit http://www.virtualjerusalem.com/judaism/holidays/